Risk management is a form of management used to measure the risk of a target.
In the world of business and finance, a risk can occur at any time and can be caused by various factors. Risk is something that must be avoided and minimized as much as possible.
Some of these factors can generally be avoided and predicted through a scheme that aims to provide responses or solutions in handling a risk that will occur.
Risk management is usually used before a program is implemented.
In this article, we will discuss the definition of risk management along with the objectives and stages.
Definition of Risk Management
Risk management is a term or name that refers to a management system model used to track, predict, and check the scale of occurrence of risks and failures in a program.
This is in accordance with what is written in the book "Risky Business" by Milton C Regan, in which it is written that risk management is an application of various policies and procedures.
All these various policies and procedures aim to minimize events or occurrences, as well as the possibility of an event or event that can reduce the standard and quality of company performance.
So that through all stages of procedures in a risk management, a company can find out a potential loss or risk that must be faced.
In general, risk management can be defined as a stage carried out by a company to obtain information related to all risks and how to handle them.
Risk Management Objectives
Basically, risk management has a main purpose as a benchmark or source of data related to potential risks.
In addition, there are several other objectives of risk management that can be used to make it easier for companies to find information, both information related to potential risks and information related to risk solutions and mitigation.
Here are the objectives of risk management and their explanation.
1. Track Sources of Risk
The main and essential objective in implementing a risk management is to track the various sources of performance that have the potential to cause the risk of loss or decline in performance.
In this case, the tracking process can be done through several procedures such as thorough analysis and research on the organizational structure and every activity of the company such as the production process to distribution and asset management.
2. Providing Risk Information for an Enterprise
Every information will provide data. In risk management, a company will get information and data related to potential risks and handling that must be faced.
It is intended that the company gets an overview of the potential risks that may occur. In addition, the company will also get an early warning regarding the occurrence of a risk in a performance.
3. Minimize Losses Incurred
A risk management can minimize any losses that occur due to a risk to a company and business performance. This is because there are some risks that cannot be avoided by the company.
Thus, risk management can reduce the risks that occur, so as not to cause large losses to a company.
Generally, the company will coordinate with the parties or divisions involved regarding the risks that will be faced. Or the company can transfer risks that will occur to other divisions or performance.
4. Ensure a Sense of Security for Stakeholder
The existence of risk management can provide a sense of security for the stakeholder companies and have more confidence in the integrity and performance of the business being conducted.
Stakeholder in this case are shareholders, workers, logistics providers or supplieras well as insurance and other parties with an interest in a company.
5. Maintaining Company Stability and Growth
Through risk management, a company can maintain the stability of its performance and business activities. The company can know the risks that occur and will be able to make strategic decisions that are deemed appropriate for its performance.
Through risk management, a company will make decisions based on the results and data obtained from risk managers so as to minimize unnecessary things and losses to the company and clients.
Stages of Risk Management
From these objectives, risk management has many objectives that are adjusted to the stages and procedures carried out. The procedures and stages are explained as follows.
1. Analyzing the Company's Performance from the Previous Period
At this stage, a risk manager will analyze the company's performance from the previous period. Generally, the company's performance in the last year or last month, which is then looked for risks or losses that occurred in the previous period's performance.
Through this analysis, a risk manager will know and draw conclusions regarding potential risks that will occur in the next performance period.
So that performance in the next period or period of time will be safer from the risks that have occurred.
This analysis process can be carried out either on one division or on all divisions depending on the preferences and needs of the company.
2. Comparing Performance in One Division with Another
After analyzing a performance in the previous period, the next step in risk management is to compare the performance of one division with another.
This comparison is carried out with benchmarks based on the risks and potential risks that occur in the division. Generally, the data is obtained from the results of a division's performance in the previous period.
Through this stage, the risk manager will know each risk in each division and determine whether each potential risk is related or not.
So that risk managers will find it easier to provide solutions and mitigation to each division or business activity of the company.
3. Informing the Relevant Division of the Risks Faced.
At this stage, the risk management process is carried out in collaboration with related work divisions or all work divisions. The aim is to inform the division concerned about the risks that will be faced.
Usually a risk manager will inform the head of the division or the holder of the responsibility of the division concerned regarding a potential risk or risk that must be faced in the future.
Later, a risk manager will provide solutions and discuss them together with representatives of the relevant work division.
4. Provide Solutions or Mitigation to a Risk that May Occur
Then the last stage of risk management is to map the risks that will occur together with the relevant divisions. A risk manager will map the risks or potential risks that occur based on several aspects.
For example, the aspect of loss is divided into several levels:
- Catastrophic
- High loss
- Medium loss
- Low loss
- Negligible
Then there is the aspect of possibility which is divided into several levels:
- Most probable
- Probable
- Fair
- Slight
- Improbable
Risk management is a process where a company tries to map out all the worst possibilities that occur in their performance.
So that a company is able to make the right decision in addressing the possibility of a risk or loss through the auditing or checking process.
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